Electrical system of distribution.



. W. A. TURBAYNE.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION. APPLICATION FILED 1111.27, 1909.

991, 1 1 O. Patented May 2, 1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE, OF LAN CASTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD COUPLERCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

=T0 all whom it may concern:

' in which the main dynamo is driven from the car axle and in whichautomatic means are employed to properly regulate the voltage of themain generator. My invention is not, however, limited to such systemsbut i may be found applicable to many other arrangements.

A number of features which I shall show and describe and with which myinvent-ion may be employed, have been shown and described in a previousapplicationof mine,

Serial No. 430,461, filed May 2nd, 1908.

One particular object of my present invention is to provide aneconomical and efiicient means for causing the proper regulation of themain generator in such systems. My lmprovements further provide for anefficient regulation which is responsive to the voltage changes of themain generator itself or of the system.

My invention further provides for means for regulating the chargingcurrent of the battery in such systems in such a manner as to cause thegenerator to produce a tapering charging current therefor.

In carrying out my invention I preferably regulate the main generator bymeans of an auxiliary dynamo connected in the field circuit thereof, thefield of which auxiliary dynamo is controlled by means of an automaticswitch acted upon by a solenoid responsive to voltage variations of thesystem. The action of the solenoid is further varied responsive tofluctuations of current in the battery circuit.

Further objects, features and advantages will more clearly appear fromthe detailed description given below taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing which diagrammatically shows a system embod v'. 0:one form of my invention.

In the drawing, A indicates the main dynamo and A the field windingsthereof.

The'dynamo is indicated as'being driven by Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed January 27, 1909.

Patented May 2, 1911. Serial No. 474,453.

' pulley B and belt B from any suitable source of power, as for example,the axle of a railway car.

C represents an auxiliary orregulating dynamo which is mechanicallyconnected to the main generator or dynamo A by the shaft D, andtherefore, direction as the main dynamo.

C represents the field windings of the auxiliary dynamo.

E represents a storage battery and E its circuit which is operativelyarranged with respect to the main generator A.

F represents a work circuit which is also operatively arranged withrespect to the main dynamo A to be supplied thereby, a switch F beingconnected in circuit therewith in order to cut out the translatingdevices of the work circuit when desired. In the present instance thetranslating de- Vices of the work circuit consist of a number of lampswith a regulating resistance in the circuit of each.

G is a switch that controls the connection of the field winding'A of themain dynamo in such a manner that this field winding is connected sothat the main generator produces an electro-motive force always in thesame direction regardless of the direction of rotation. The operation ofthe switch G is not new with this application and forms no part of thepresent invention. It is fully described in my previous application,Serial No. 430,461, above mentioned.

Various parts of the system are shown in the positions they occupy whenthe system is about to be started up. The switch H is open and the workcircuit will be fed by the battery upon the closing of the switch F. Thecoil C of the auxiliary dynamo or generator is energized from thebattery, the terminals of the coil being connected across the batterythrough the armature of the generator A and resistance G The resistanceC .is inserted to cut down the value of the exciting current in the coilC whe'fi 't'he machines are g being started up and to prevent thebattery being short-circuited upon lle'operation of the switching,device or armature L. WVhen the machines are being started up the coil0 furnishes the initial excitation'for the auxiliary dynamo C. It

rotates in the same' is only necessary that a very small excitation beprovided by the coil C to cause the machines to properly build up, andthe resistmaintain the same brush of the main gener ance C prevents aneedlesswaste of current for this purpose. hen the generators are \atrest the lamps or other load at F are fed by the battery and the switchH is open to prevent a reverse current from the battery through the maingenerator A. The field coil C being provided with a weak current fromthe battery, as above explained, when the generators are started up theauxiliary machine C, excited by the coil C. will produce an excitingcurrent in the field wind; ings A in such a direction as to alwaysxator, positive. This current also operates the switching device or polechanger G to properly connect the field windings A across the armatureof generator A and in series with the machine C to maintain thiscondition of polarity. Upon the operation of the pole changer G themachine will build up independently of the generator C, although it maybe aided somewhat thereby.

When the elect-ro-motive force of the main generator has reached itsnormal value theswitch H is closed by the action of the voltage coil H.This connects the work circuit and battery with the main generator sothat the work circuit will receive its current therefrom, the voltage ofthe generator being sutficient to also cause the battery to be chargedtherefrom. At the same time the coil G is short-circuited so that it haspractically no eflect as an exciting element. The generator A willcontinue operating as a simple shunt machine and when the speed thereofis increased its voltage will rise until checked by the regulatingapparatus now to be described.

' M represents the core of an electro-magnet or solenoid which isenergized by two coils, one a coil N connected directly across the mainsof the system at the points N" and N so that it will always beresponsive to voltage variations of the generator; the other, coil 0,which aids the action of the coil N. and is-connected in series in thebattery circuit E. L represents an armature ofthe solenoid M which isnormally retracted by means of the spring P. The armature L carries acontact R adapted to make electrical connection with a fixed contact S.The armature L is electrically connected with the positive side of thegenerator by means of conductor T and the contact terminal S iselectrically connected with the circuit in which is the coil C, betweenthe coil C and the resistance C by means of conductor u.

When the voltageof the main generator or the system rises above apredetermined value determined by the condition of the spring P, thestrength of the coil N will be l sufficient to cause the solenoid toattract the armature L and thercby connect the field coil 0 of theauxiliary dynamo v,C directly across the maiiicircuit. This energizesthe coil C-in an opposite direction from in WlllC-lrlt was energizedinitially by battery. This causes the dynamo U to act 'as' acounter-machine or as an opposing therefore, causes a less current toHow in constructi source of electromotive force in series with the fieldwindings A, which cuts down their action so as to bring the voltage ofgenerator-back to the said predetermined value. Immediately the voltagehas dropped predetermined value the spring P will ca. the armature L tobe retracted whereupon the voltage will tend to rise again. However,upon a very slight r. e of voltage again the armature L is attracted bythe solenoid so that the voltage is again reds l. These actions will berepeated periodically and by adjustment of the spring P the generatormay be held at substantially any desired voltage whether the translatingdevices be in circuit or not. Since the coil C is shunt ed by resistanceC the magnetizing current through the coil C will rise and fall gradu-'ally, so that the voltage of the generator 42. will be heldsubstantially steady, and, furthermore the contacts R and S will not besubjected to harmful sparking.

The series coil 0 in the battery circuit E acts to aid the voltage coilN, and therefore, tends to cause a reduction of the generatcr voltage.The coil 0 may be so designed that any-desired initial rate of chargemay be given the battery. As the voltage of the battery rises due to itsbecoming charged the current in the coil 0 will tend to decrease,thereby decreasing the strength of the sole noid so that the voltage of.the inaiaerator A will be slightly increased. Th: lf. to cause thegenerator to bring the ery charging current back to its normal value butin order to do this the voltage of main generator must be slightlyincreased, which in turn increases the etl'ect of the coil N. Thisincrease in the effect of the coil l'l.

battery circuit and upon further chargi. g the battery, the batterycharging current in the circuit E is gradually decreased thus producinga. tapering charging current for the battery.

By my'iinprovenients only a very current is required in the regulat'coil C since its action upon the re the main generator A is n then.because of the dynamo O. A very small current is, therefore, onlyrequired in the circuit 1/, so that sparking is even more decreasedbetween the contacts R and S. liurther, the arrangement actsautomaticall d 1' crently to "cause the generator to reduce :he propertapering charging on rent for the battery. From the above it will beappare" that tl system shown and described is cconmn l and other inoperationand as it"h iew pars liable to get out of older, and veryEllis/elit- Although I have described my improve ments in great detail Ido not desire to be limited by such details but Having fully and clearlydescribed the same what I claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPatent is:

1 In an electrical car lighting system, a generator adapted to be drivenfrom the car axle, a work circuit supplied thereby, a storage batteryand its circuit in operative relation thereto, an auxiliary dynamomechanically connected with the generator andconnected in series withthe field of the generator, a main switch between the generator andstorage battery, a field coil for the dynamo connected to be fed fromthe battery to aid the generator to build up when starting, a vibratingarmature for connecting said field coil across the generator to causethe dynamo to act as a counter-machine upon the closing of the mainswitch, a magnet for operating said armature, provided with a coilconnected across the generator to limit the voltage thereof and a coilin the battery circuit to limit the charging current thereof. 1

2. In an electrical car lighting system, a generator driven ata workcircuit supplied thereby, a storage battery and its circuit in operativerelation thereto, an auxiliary dynamo mechanically connected with the.generator and connected in series with the field of the generator, amain switch between the generator and storage battery, a field coil forthe dynamo connected to be fed from the battery to aid the generator tobuild up when starting, a' vibrating armature for connecting said coilacross the generator to cause the dynamo to act as aeounter-machine anda magnet for controlling the periodicity "of vibrations of said armatureresponsive to variations in voltage of the system. I

3. In an electrical car lighting system, a main generator driven'atvariable speeds, a work circuit and storage battery fed thereby, aregulating dynamo for the generator, a field coil for the dynamoconnected to be fed from the battery to aid the generator in said magnetbeing variable speed, a,

building up, a vibrating armature for connecting said field coil acrossthe generator to cause the dynamo to act as a counte r machine and amagnet for controlling the periodicity of vibrations of said matureresponsive to voltage fluctuations of the system. I

4. In an electrical car lighting system, a main shunt woundgeneratordriven at a variable speed as by the movement of the car, awork circuit and storage battery fed by the generator, a regulatingdevice in series with generator shunt field and provided with acontrolling coil, a vibrating armature for connecting said coil to besupplied by the periodicity of vibrations of said armature, said magnethaving a coil connected across the generator. I

5. In an electrical car lighting system, a main generator driven at avariable speed as by the movement of the car, a work circuit and storagebattery fed by the generator, a

regulating device for controlling the generato'r field strength andprovided with a w controlling coil, a vibrating armature for connectingsaid coil to be supplied by the generator, and'a magnet for controllingthe periodicity of vibrations of said armature, said magnet beingconnected responsive to voltage changes of the system.

6. In an electrical car lighting system, a main shunt wound generatordriven at a variable speed as by the movement of the car, a Work circuitand storage battery fed by the generator, a regulating device opposingthe shunt field of the generator and provided with a controlling coil, avibrating armature for connecting said coil to be supplied by thegenerator, and a magnet for controlling the periodicity of vibrations ofsaid armature, said magnet being connected responsive to voltage changesof the system.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, inthe presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE.

Witnesses:

RAYMOND I-IUMMELL, WV. H. PAT'BENDEN.

I Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Washington, D. 0.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 991,110, grahted May2, 1911, upon the application of William -A. Turbayne, of Lancaster, NewYork, for an improvement in Electrical Systems of Distribution, an errorappears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows;Page 3, after line 64, insert the words generator, and a magnet forcontrolling z t/w; and that the said Letters Patent should be read withthis correction therein that the same may conform to the record of thecase in the Patent Ofiioe.

Signed and healed this 28th day of November, A. 1911.

[we j B. MQORE,

' Gammis'cioner of Patents.

